Other harmful traditional practices include marriage by abduction, ritualized sexual slavery ( Devadasi, Trokosi ), breast ironing and widow inheritance.
2.
The practice is similar to widow inheritance, where, for example, the deceased husband's kin can dictate whom the widow may marry.
3.
Polygamy was the exception rather than the norm, practiced in specific clans or segments of households when widow inheritance occurred following the death of a married family member.
4.
The practice of widow inheritance by younger brothers has been observed in many parts of Africa and the Asian steppe, as well as small zones of South Asia.
5.
Often, the deceased's family do not take care of the widow and her children, and widow inheritance was identified as a major obstacle to household food security.
6.
Cultural practices such as " ukuthwala " ( abducted marriages ) and " ukungenwa " ( widow inheritance ) are expected to be outlawed in South Africa.
7.
Known as levirate marriage ( when the marriage is to the deceased's brother ) or widow inheritance ( when it is to any surviving male relative ), it has been practiced by other societies with a strong clan structure.
8.
Whenever a family lost its breadwinner ( for example in an accident ), it was usually dependent on support by other families, and the widow was sometimes adopted as additional wife by a close relative of the deceased ( see widow inheritance ).
9.
Kenyan law, for example, discriminates against women in the areas of personal law, property, burial, inheritance, adoption and marriage, and allows practices including child marriages, female genital mutilation, polygamy and denying a widow inheritance, she said.
10.
The anthropologist Ruth Mace also found that the practice of widow inheritance by younger brothers, common in many parts of Africa, serves to reduce population growth, as these men will be forced to marry older ( and hence, less fertile ) women.
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